On the Failure of Toddalia Aculeata in the Treatment of Malaria

Toddalia aculeata (Syn. T. asiatica, T. rubicaulis, T. nitida and Scopolia aculeata) is a climbing shrub of natural order Rutacea. Vernacular, Sanskrit, kauchana; Hindi, kanj; dahan lalian (Rajputana); meinkara (Nepal); saphijirik (Lepclia); melkaranai kandvi (Tamil); konda-kathinda (Telegu); janglikali-mirchi (Bombay); kudur-7niris (Ceylon). It grows in sub-tropical climates of India, Java, Sumatra, China, etc. It is a large scandent shrub with branches covered with prickles, on broad corky cones; the leaflets are crenulate, varying in length from 1^ to 4 inches, the flowers small, cream coloured in axillary panicles, longer than the petiole; the calyx is glandular, petals?five, imbricate, stamens?not exceeding five, ovary?five-celled, style?short, stigma?five-lobed, and ovules?two superposed in each cell. The root is woody and in cylindrical flexuose pieces, from \ to 2 inches in diameter. The root bark is about 1/12 of an inch thick and consists of a soft yellow corky external layer, wrinkled longitudinally, a thin yellow layer and a firm brown middle cortical layer.